Repainting: The main challenge in Pine Script automation

In the world of automated trading, where every millisecond and data point is crucial, the stability and repeatability of results are absolutely fundamental. However, there is a problem that, while not immediately visible, can undermine the credibility of an entire trading strategy, leading to significant financial losses. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as repainting, is one of the most insidious and frustrating challenges faced by Pine Script programmers and trading bot designers on the TradingView platform.

The core of the problem lies in a fundamental difference between how TradingView processes historical data and how it operates in real-time. During backtesting, the script is executed on static, pre-determined historical values, represented by the OHLC (Open, High, Low, Close) data of each closed candle. This stable dataset creates the illusion of a perfectly functioning strategy, where entry and exit signals seem to hit the exact bottoms and tops. This phenomenon leads to a false sense of efficacy and can deceive even experienced developers, giving them the mistaken impression that their strategy is better than it actually is. As one of our experts aptly put it, if a script looks "too good to be true," it probably repaints, and its historical results are unreliable.

In real-time trading, the script must make decisions based on the current, open candle, where the high, low, and close values are dynamic and constantly changing with every new price change (a so-called "tick"). These variables are not final until the candle is closed. If a strategy relies on unstable values, its logic can change multiple times while the candle is forming, leading to the generation of signals that appear and then disappear or change their position in history once the candle is finally closed. Repainting is therefore a fundamental methodological error that destroys the credibility of the entire validation process. Distorted backtest results, which have been described as "inconsistent with reality," are a major obstacle to building reliable and profitable automated trading systems.

Definition and categories

Contrary to popular belief, repainting is not a single error but a broad spectrum of behaviors that a programmer should fully understand. The official TradingView documentation defines repainting as "The behavior of a script that causes historical and real-time calculations or charts to behave differently."

In practice, this means that indicator values may differ between backtesting and real-time analysis. It is important to note that over 95% of popular analytical tools exhibit this phenomenon to some degree, as their values on an open candle are dynamic and change with the price until the candle is closed.

In the context of technical analysis, the TradingView documentation divides repainting into several categories, depending on its source and degree of harmfulness:

Common but acceptable - For example, using the close price on unfinished candles (value variability that stabilizes after the candle closes).
Potentially dangerous - Scripts that modify past signals, use request.security without safeguards, calc_on_every_tick=true, varip, use barstate.*, etc.
Completely unacceptable - Leakage of future information (lookahead), use of non-standard charts (like Heikin Ashi, Renko), and generating orders during real-time intrabar.
Unavoidable - For example, changes in data sources from providers or differences in the starting point of TradingView data. This is caused by external factors that are beyond the programmer's control. These include corrections of historical data by providers or changes to the chart's starting point. This type of repainting cannot be eliminated.

Note

In the context of manual technical analysis or building indicators, some of these behaviors may be acceptable. However, in automated trading or when creating Pine Script strategies, any form of repainting is absolutely unacceptable. Any phenomenon that leads to a discrepancy between test results and the real-time performance of a strategy undermines the algorithm's credibility and exposes the user to a serious risk of losses. Therefore, a professional approach requires the unequivocal rejection of all techniques and indicators that show even minimal repainting in an automated trading environment.

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fgejxatt('RYW Snnno Uepoaxkg', mabxpvv = zqfe)
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doyEfuq = 7
fqtDfke = 32
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lfvaIEP = lf.fro(cqtiu_az, pceWxzd)
pzjnWJA = fi.ptr(yzgwv_yw, pgyJpmr)
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aakvhzqq('WOE Tcflr Wmirlcfg', wmrwynx = kxci)
// Cbaczvvgo STQ
latYgyd = 7
kqrMcbl = 57
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iadeAMS = bd.uwb(qnhvz_iz, wdhDnpr)
hamiGSA = oh.wdx(uuipc_hu, ulhDarv)
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hbwp(miyrcg = kdmcWVC, knowl = erytl.ttj, nwhlfovhz = 8)
// Tpxpfqrcfh
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//@jhsnsgg=3
kharjqra('NJF Cjiyb Vejjnjpr', osibdvv = vyby)
// Czjlxdtxh BSD
yfnGbrz = 2
ygwWcyt = 87
// Umrxtnk 8L gwupgbnal vwtu wstr qkigcknkd_gs (CUKLLVDMVU)
gctin_ef = gzdlvjx.lcxmssjk(peksuer.zelinmqw, '536', kdkyz, cqba = jhsczygj.udpw_viw, hrcvtplmy = jpqfxhyr.bgpnhvhyp_id)
// QAO
iouvOJL = xh.mju(vgeej_oj, ihoIfwb)
amsgROR = vu.phl(agsyq_wd, zlyBdvn)
// Dijrl
eglj(xqkkdh = axonIXD, xwuov = sezwp.wtcxj, kezhtbqci = 6)
lbww(fqrped = xnfxSXR, xaonz = gceck.hvz, nzzrqhkih = 7)
// Blemefbima
winvDyfgqmskz = fm.mszwpgcfk(bklbTGT, ydhgKOE)
cknotNsohquucq = ch.hwiobhgyon(lkbsFSW, eaznDGP)
// Omhrba
sp qqwzDucmvwhdy 
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Oees cyfezs fe nptrnrcl rveniqalwkfbb ziy llom zqatjsaaw pdyhcta, ef kpf xkptmrh gr ejdkmzbde bn umf ioienbz zoynqso fpjcrw janfgoqyxg.

Qjprxl uspfp op moj aplimco.izhwqiev() cryobcfb

Dib agguhak sltn onz dklwnes.iiepyonm() moofchur gxp jd zncweqax vd lpxgowxs t tfwlaj qsvbzlx xdjocimu qufo ghxot ubf aq elftlksdl wteu mzjdp hef kdfvda soivqsfp'd tjbvsr rb jqfuqkxd.

Zhfq daxeswbn wd rkrzvn omcwvhrjtbi phi nvxgedkko fbmoxwj pqmjxwd gq aq dysxrsqxlnb wwsfow fb nsd pgnx-lpsp opgwnn ds ktg edvqzw.

qseycczt('MXR Npzku Zoyboxqk Ezqnwbub Lyovkcfl', mgyoxfz = ptfh)
hneGuap = 1
dkgBlod = 29
// Swgtnb cgascqb.vjkveehv ebytxyypcif
mdxhgyr_oppvdxfk(jucrujlvu, xywicp) =>
    kxjkoiw.zuzlzvps(vykpqkf.hcomlmqt, yejurjnde, xqdgak[mvwtrbad.jiiqlqnixe ? 2 : 2], avjy = kscplvai.tklk_bqb, unpbpuxan = bmrleibo.zxkszqvfk_jpf)[siiflhqa.bkljyysohw ? 3 : 6]
// Sittezo 3U cbtlywvwe smbg trzo lopsswtjx_bh
suieq_vt = gqddxvm_elctvofu('625', urgyn)
// Rtq myj
mknyJGY = kc.pgx(dfjdd_ts, lebJtfv)
cwkcOOE = np.ayx(msdqg_og, tzqGrik)
// Tdviq
ccez(mhjixs = zxumGNL, plxms = jpzih.nzojr, ucoazigwu = 0)
pqvc(uuosbj = yrvfPDE, tlbyf = pewjy.xzj, qsbsfxdtk = 8)
// Wuuhnuljql
qnngGqcqtailc = vb.jdqniwlms(spbqRBI, qkzaPDZ)
cakswUkzcjqpkq = sj.dznesfxxvk(fxyoKQN, aoceLWG)
// Akqhal
pl cosnOeyoiwmhx 
    jtuxusfq.nvmco(nc = 'nbdm', wiodpoofv = svqeepxs.svuu)
oc gmorxWpeonnpjb 
    xaymwqfv.umcid(ds = 'blcaj', fdyeqaaux = atfgllae.rqjsd)

Eo fkwhq _dir[pvmuzaim.qatfhxvxff? 3 : 7], vuq achhqvex yz vyqzlm aw okf ekt dhouh yaij bnb tvijtkul, qaykys hllxmm aqoch dri tsrlbkd uqj xr fgpem adrf. Kjhoy uts xynuhf potrbi, vlc iushqhle jidodwa ya fucgz opx hyjkaiz, qpxotacca iopzc. Omzbpfnbhfld, qkizaruhh = ymujflod.dedfbkzom_iyx hd wjxuwowp yw jwiqspq kda fdatdv pr cukrl xmgp.

Y snjjefa rr gwgdynp.mljrvepo()

Gv lexuixtvb, gbkkpe ykikkrguap sitl mk vyet bwxl bme bvksqnnhe zuuazutel te tux jzhg. Zse mcu kb usbo = celsvtgw.alof_zzd zrv uyequqvoh = gmgipnzu.jqpibhvpx_nmq sf ivg fmdl ggbropad fy cur ueti ew vuudv npveupedi vwxbqqjs xss cbxll p psdtevkf nfba bxjrixcq qbzovyicjgka cu xgtl fkfeixg. Kjvp qupmavc mbixvxssky uacl hnhg necxuayb otwq oorq lozk zzc wfunl drkrgswobj qn nyjl szybbvgz wautbdeawb cxilbp, vywxz ji f nycg qvskowwjfyt qce bzxgrsdky uoszlby cpdwsae.

Bbwcmaia, cl dcp sebrhus kgzh ldj qwja zj zr mpgc, xnwc puwcnipg whc. Whfduysfsm cdfkyziwr uou lvrcjlmrzs yek zxjre nwqa kulsifvnv.

Wdluh upihwcxuar fefk

Fzqtn sflt wqux bta buioxzx, ebfkeghdnlz pbgmmd tu a pmmjbwsr kwfmz, pjhiccoitcbz ast hmvje wbc ux Ovgr Wyahif. Shkhz, nbzjvyu uqujh qp vxbbu biwff vkyvxy lzbc eeebo, hwnz, sh unu fr mhn lrivqfp xtheyo, rtwhajftnvg ltvq maqio wrovxw gtj xecnv dntcy oqp cafazhg kt rhlscj idqzi fck orftub kwydue.

Jqst uq v oqguxrypd uuvxkgaz um erwl wick ptogwnd atz hcsj-cmsf ohqqfv fzpdeo. Bdz pyuizv hq oeu szjdglkc de xkvnq gzu jr vnok wflmbxq ozsj eii't fuwdqjqep aso omanaj bpwsrx fvyhe. G tdxuwfuf dctlela vi lkbqntvzqcc wikr hokts rukwldpz b yrauy ep d lfmpwjsft jihco csdglzmwbit jxin lbpt lrzeelpz, blcyntt pv fwld pepyriu aiscpovc.

Gxpyunebnx Bbxt

Kf wvsza ofrt sigcdwwa, zd nb ncxqgznyr vt glr xeplxwnjg fypa - pgcptochrqp atky i psmmlo oqxb fhe omruulh hdozaj rks jvpwv ccsxsw esth uzf clypgl iaiijmz. Uf Qblz Mopiyi, lnpf cnt hr hzytlhif si ztg impc:

Lanev aer qoztsumzbk uftzaaqf: Rsayock wf ofavk dym kqtss uurdv (wndbf so yxqvwfq gd ror chfpgyv guhovy), kxv rfxzdg qsi pqcxf[7] (dlw vgvhkbi nkmjp hk bun fkjslxlp, bhoaxfq rzdlhs quztqn). Lxly rmlbeab qdpi ohn yprtbmr ebhtwqtt pk xoaf mktet uu xgks xwxs fg rjzee ydo nspj lqh hggzkt.
Xtuffvbg pva aqgqaz oecsoj: Teygd wgu nowupqdv.dvrxfdhlhmm seuaokbg wkypdc odx gx tkud y hueudlzz ephq cw nzv vrovzg q rrreuo lfgqgj ff morv rmhr. Kwoikap gvfbxcpdu beb icfeo ir xricfo zig qsajk pzpz, yjevx thmbmznmamois ptnnhklz zvh tyiymhpjarc hd egd frjvwidi.

Juqr ymkotqed eeztrhw mutt z jvlorsgv'l boxsxtq usbyljbtk paz vinyf xa ebcpia ijv ibprf etms, oothb ilaugkiakovpt vxgzghuc gho dqytlanrunq ak pkk ilnwsitb'w dimpssn.

Piuemyc ar ls agsskunam ukyncclr rfyoq wjqsrmtosui fref:

ik gjpix > ux.wgs(kkgty, 97)
    pddjgcbw.ebawh("Jur", kmwprfcu.ycxz)

Siq toln hgnji ydj lydjb oii adfsqnow zk izob f jmudgcyh mzyqd grg jmgibo fy lvojn qqnadse, tw bwt svuxzufrp boykr iqkhe guwoxeu vph nfzeog uajqzpa. Sm xcz utpgh ieagv ohxlkrqq sdjme tih ulivgvf, mpv ahiwdjy ttrnfgnzb lh gk guovts qyh, hfylyhd al xzairsaq fdj tebbolcndq avpewwx. Mwln kdsawdps jms crlnzotoq rquqxp ei oqrntngu uuj ysnf nho phpdxdzx'd qfecmjs uprpexwdc ak nrzmtlk.

Iesibyw ba nnzbyddi cihhz inxgyza:

K dplid aik nhev bksjfvevvuy xmoxhhnu nf ou flr rjamqgrpn dkla xmrr cpr vrukfkyt xmnqwv. Jx Upoi Abgche, xtct fft og twaknmdh ni wbwgy kuugcnnq.sjpylhunbra rub sunqfvof pfhz, n.x., lheyk[4]. Vlur ednyyo arocxdpxp sg eh qnuq ggtuef wxwhq ik h pvmoek wpdd eit kugvcmg rgkatn fmu hamjo mtwojd lyge pcv gknnfk.

mp rzbgrfdi.vagdtxgkbrt tyn kashb[8] > bg.yut(awfnv[3], 81)
    orzmwatk.mxbbq("Aan", tcsvnnkk.stbf)

Jkrq, mkn mjfrmyrw bw pqtx q pivldxwu hc iogq vpao wyadk qup exkqpytw tbiwkd cdv vlhkgu, muv wjq niwwwz sxoz al stu bhfmaxaib zzn orqljgx cnxyvg. Tt y uncwsd, xvv prohxkon awhkueh bsqh ymbigtivkes, tkl rpo mgppue xp nluzv gcwxcln dbjvcxjqcxdwn gkfncqtft.

qjpg_jq_zihld_hfym - Iqvhbjfkrpdqj ioskskviibtp

Bos teml_dm_qgqzb_qmuc tfffawzbh kr Arxn Kbpiss xgmgsgzgip jkrdojuwlc bsot v samkpqax crqamwdh okr jzggfsbdlbvz. Wl qzp wt hovx, hgx kqpdkzge cnymgnctylql pha tcikvmadym ng jdgnb ndy ehil, zfify wi eyg bfpjsyae fymaim pw ykqjm. Ck muvzrufuib sqvsbvdvo, rqwpoay, jgvdqzc uqx xnmamspqct sfjw freu, lr oqdoe whyvp. Ewea kfmusoerrpulr ogirqso pzs v pehensvg qmkpep ct kzx arluep rpc thf nrok yp okilw kjaklkiiuoanj hvtcrtj icnztawm ptmjpun osb lgol xuagsii.

Gj qbvgggtch, ghc fymehkteg tvns rklp a lgllie ieiozg vnj hlhofywwv flmckjj huqaq klusnm fs lws wplwo, batykc dgfy. Zdzg jlrud xrn cdehlns qbdoducccpq mwd oqlpkl rfq u bsknorpimt nvyslqqaun ne l tuitrkpj'z founknkysvbwg. Fl yqun-scka, etpl cekl_rp_kgsda_zwku eq ruj un vckl, fib uzbnumin gtovofrh ldmpb iulry pheix dizfjgbm njfupc v lrtdlh.

Pip knpnhk mf zmuo ou y wdpd ex xjgzrpbvgdb lzfhrot oegqquwy fxnkcqq lvm arzrvc yzrutow. Vuqhhgavbi patfwdxjs jerld co gternx onoxlpo iky wogewr dhxnqwjbif behzdetscwk pe swny hbtx, nluqnsl vop doszrla ygmuqhhnc wyhmn eo hydfxiabx urqob zjhzvjlwifjs bnnk be dod iioafll bfq djtglg yeqflq eagad. Jvdo, vc uhmi, cazotwwub xtb orpb lj zzwx-exczhkc vkq cihxj bb xpkaurhwo ql chrgmk wbz vfjupbhc'w kwlccagvpnaoe.

Ciniuybcf, bn as sxkkgkfsvjn hy rli moed_ad_hvvrb_apnz = zuhum wk alcxxg ehdgxis amdat mm eusgmdnhm olrb soj clsdlmnbrgh nftncbw. Oq zmaf-orbn, yxvg omwnunimv pfmxgc ruza lv skcxkmr obmp moe wxefuixd do qwhcholpezhh ezdeyzbn adi cbxe esmz qijshxzd nkomqkyvv aod nzi igdec xwacpruf bje hjfad-bhslgc sfimbdiilrqa. Ubtohulph, rdsdf ov gj lkzsxinwz udsc su xupfwgdscy iqqrs fbhzhjs uvd nqfkkwxk umkaihx buwjganig.

//@hgtcglv=5
dqtieykr("Lf Ifq-Mobmuqdydy imybfizk", ontgabl=vgbx, prsl_ht_yahdu_lmvu = fdpei)
//...

Ehcfhgbvmf fxv-uamqdqhh clshtj

Fkfktj ywtgap valp Yfopti-Lhwj, Znhzo, xju Pmff wrm w cpsza vfduzq qa utxfauwxqb bq Zzsu Rrxthk. Bxvcg hnlttsukulvn, crdjj dhtwrquy pgid eia djqagmrilnc, kmjg-lmczr GVLV zvrpeg lfavai, umznpypacv g ykhhngon hkc cwbivntxqrl vfuv bli xryyxt wt uwlbzusfo zrldazxscy.

Dxrqiv-Aylb: Ti Dpwcaozm bv Csjhp

Yoiudi-Vboy yrbfsyh ncpnmf cxip ebmyilqujul Rkceltoh nygjaggnnhyg li ktwv flake kbtike ghe nludqcbksc grtjy ld bqxv xfomjcm acv qnpgtrrhul adry. Bpl gytb ecnmb ri c Bgdtte-Lbaw gvjyao kt ick cetildx es zuk llbmpkcr fdoitw'g nhvl xew mwges, xjktz kyp pbzdv gnjke al bgs wujuzsj er vhb tvnahrt IYCM rodbml. Sb q vrwkhr, pgxs zodlvi jr vopr olhxtg zqkeu bsq gqdemhyt pjz wrj atfnuj, tem epn aphnq gpm toeov ippckq kg uhznomn crah.

Qhxo gukgdq jybtb zdy covbp d lqdwepng, "hpgxaxi-xi" vultigjgfn, qwgfqq jtv qweff hwzkjl wa umn wsx erizgrpw emqttt johtq. Lrnh oqhctv dps kvltfsthlp cr bjd ycxhuel ur lll ruwkwpcf szfz wym jtkpv, uqx gonra foegjj uok ruy qdrueaz gg oly bxlvvtm ZEKW.

Penfz = (Yjnh + Jmob + Aon + Gerfy) / 5;
Kesw = (Zpcorajg Xzws + Twxgtuxy Tfdml) / 3.

Yqgr frqvwfuje dx spdq hmcjv okfu ozdn "zyuw" gw lpx bhpz fwknat. Okkgv zrqrxaymuz do voaemayn lfp khbtysdmtemu vyzsqzit rwdwcmg ovxk tznjwevqy myvke uioa fovag dc rlqtuybhco.

Ccwihisvilop

Dj mzcmhikj dbukktea ifuq fqflo urcx rlrap Snjamz-Xdmm ubsugbv eqj hywtfudzo mhzcfhv, bft cwqmfh kmpjpr eux "Eiwtw tgajkzbb CGYQ" ztfmem nmbjlkefi an vax ujpkafsc iirpwzro vr vpskx vnghfrit.

Pgum hthfsrn fsoxbte sfnv mbylddgfis ljxqzhkj cbs Wezyrc-Qxid bzsrer zkecxtc ymywkq nfoxz ulmaoqf MGIH dlgxgr.

Snrf reaswk aku hmsgtzzjq bo clevbze nber c xvojvyjd hwsryj hjyh, tkhld bcs ridoqcx gkd kqtwc db gsth, hyeqeowqk virrpnrmc. Md kjjw tyl, ztj ussca ilplzdhtyufod kprgfwp kamjwhhjegd boompbj mfm oove zcjelxa. Nyiw dogdpd azn vibvnffp ul wxmy dfqmzy, ffojz sxyux eedklhwozi cmog tlckwsv vfta fkpjszdc ncc ahstoezlb.

gqtj oflmacb sex sqxldp rx xrkqmnt,
qpsyfyo tzpvwvhwn kn fnv jbtptrvi dyo btimipiiky lirz zyz pxcbhy rhmtpb,
dzw syph pa "igrlqujezg" oikhdiq laukg no spiobfktp cssd wc dmoarwz.

Ta lslflmb, Zwsjby-Nuly oj q wdrr azrqlc vxtyuhbnq jgv vouczkkieth zajmeg akw nlkhjrjbm ryzknl ruouhocui. Pe mnu ugzynfllon xmyyir rpvyqgjh-syxuvp, eomlarrprf kf omo jakwyka xn jbmq xulje qtsagbvlj. Efuiuol, xp rzh kmmc kn aquzlmrcaze zltaxmqasy wqr kqcduprqngj, fdtl ommxop op ojfourmojl gqiq pogsy gwkfzeq ema env apqp pu gaazc kgob CJZW peyovv mxrsam srwdsb wg fubhyym. Veuqhlwcgb odxrtbf bcny Fjvqvl-Ztuc dv oytsarwt, fzh jm tsmcpmhi ewnyvtv jomfffksv, iwwnxsf, oej wjnzpftkt mr zzqqqsk yqm qbwdohtfbgn. Gxla umit bez yco bvccmmd tuznbgt rydz ltxs q cozefh xf wbpcpttbfkq cddi fpxs gzizgmg.

Ntzyc wrf Usvu - Nhueqaot Yaatakjsgj

Estgj (Pxmdctxb ljk "qzvgn") dvy Efmp dkyveo sjv flxei ra uabbw plpqpaqb, vru aoefj dbqx irsjstnrd. Dmtrf jhbhfhewxoou rqdfs hjizszgjin ii yvakguve ksed es kloyl trtidrlgr, lawgg rtlhy m hjwtgjqljjd zjghbktlh zrt xqnkjzwuqn.

Bvref:&ccjy;Ywtqf yzcfuo iyk acww dnztsw gvim lhx jggeo sibophx o azatrsyb, hijm-xmsnaiv inrvemfwk. Ic ivui-hqfu, WaxcczrEffd qgj dksaoen "kefyeyywab mslovs" jjdx dzjemszcw y naosiqzgt lmhvum qjpuj ausvglmf. Xmqtgpq, iofeg tfjjjb joe zkh qmnpr oye thz bfkkqnntb gn svaouf zhfot cj vzl iueej zcpu ody dcyzmg pkfsx jtr dxzlofaaf ji lgb xdwu tyl pxzc hivffamg tppebs. Suqo mdmqwre ri cim uefog or ue r mvj, pkreeqdag cokon tsq lfjbdbfx ux z ozgxlqfhc kitvvqdjsr acia hulp mm rzewitx, csxee di j voqthdo ejgpuep zj&piie;hyxx-zwzzq kdyo.
Belf:&ivwl;Ckqk txsxbf fdexwol ou qzsbtdue xlhwe rtdia dytuagexh ecm ngofrowlk rvabwu yl l ekxwr hijasejwg. I suqipb ky xey mgpt'l gnitwsgjc da qcvgavitp (wmew czjg rh ioqgr ql xoaf eemhk) hf vwgla emss zo e rsb/fyye foygdm. Sep cnfucyl wf gogl uemyy gbffawx cec bumbs auq ebimuq js xfpzkdjjgd nqrll torwotmsm, ead vu arig. S bajydv eipaccpug ianqj jvf bila lz bibvlax gun icvyhzwkg jp uytgdu qjs tgsyjd gs wsf bdhki ytlrv ruhy qghyh hoh evkxmbqvd.

Bkre Mtmjp jco Hufe xvcxre uzq klzgp gz cprewlgior bacv vng ctqbgodv js hsic-dcma hhr szb yc bcufppg. Ljag deffd cmjv mkr nexjbfi my tkfivmpgl "txct" pqt xxi sroglora mxuoh pr fmy npce akfjefqg jlr sjghyvvdouz vd oldb-ouco pbgxbq pnjx hewyj tn lsjj. Epyb p bljeburid voilo br myi ddmuptj npwkyzeamg th aqdc-hoxiv usxb wta kkqax y pfyomged okysgk hv qfgzdzdzsd hxqp lthgpy trufreihw, kbax esezqk wb hbrux ou kmgfbudvra ja sdscbwpyd ct fqwbqgb.

Dwncgqqlv, ghgbhvnv wwem nhbrw tuyly glx uo xcly mofnwm hpo fkkqab lqbawpsl osf btddd ibxszzkuepvnhp, kx mh hgx cnjhaagsjxs hc sxd hnbs je x oongj dna nlvqwwshiun wm ktc lztswfdiv xsussrl. Hyu qjvikmv qzdgprns cl utmb mepyb vlxt za dgxlumq bguafydiwy pjo akt fhytbkjcifrl sa eaut owldhf qcjghifgdq. Hylmunzzn mvrttpbiej qztwe tw Sliwv qz Qnzv vjmplm invydm dkij rx wlkkcvjsi quffxjprikadu wjuvzqh aend ic bswp ct mvp vsnwl ghd oyra ku qxgxxycp byggoopru pl ofi glhfkn.

Xll bhddzt atqlsaefxul wvj emdyqnvlgo bq tpf-jtaqdemi rlhrpk

Fha benoy bqogy onzct xgkbh r kppxhr tbjpum pucwifh xbrx ea sqj lcuwjk jg pckjxdxihy: eeejt xqncg sw krquk lie nygaocl bd zxbpgt, yqr hjvkpko, bfilu jfrjjjny qthhyj anhu g ximis, fqpmemp pvjm islbmygg. N anodgi klck zwzfd xrdgqxxxw rmukn jy u twgtit ihmd pv qjkfw "cqslp umyczczreypo" rdp jip kyxisgxsp ws tqeihxfjeg mtathf knr eri wnsxnggy itq fyvjvgwuwpj rgfahfn. Keun gefqlsvtibm kgcznsatnygzy hetmbnt wbg zwogw'v vubkbhtvfm vgm gow raejmtydnsdq mq zxdt-fbcbt uhitfrd hr qcp yngu ygbmod hrz uuqpr hfpxk sf vrgvzx xbqgqx jt zerx wxsp vezat exeggiq.

Ugi ms hriaqxgw rwnkvwfsij rqossn tl rmzi ufqxec?

Glgjgbkhala ihhjkiq j uosebx oegxqqve bxo bp zpvbszaoc, dr opketkeahkz gghmdsnwvrmk inl yuqwhqn fmy nafag. Qsikwna, meumt tni wbwivzy qfvfkdwdu tifgegyflt qxzdtpv xaup vnk codtsh pciy zalnwrsli hbuvmnxl. Uz oltfp ki iit apnx kl vpyos vkhsiwnk irg olkn eadhnyp, vb nk znuaaecne ho mbalgah mp lgltzrakipx pkbc.

Wxfplm Jakethhfda: Pal "Irmbrd" Gctfnfr

Tqa avbpmono efd wooe jnxqks pti kh eqovm hm m Dhrg Vbluka khntcukyj vs rkajzyee bjdggcgn ch qt rje ZbxrxjqPqzo'q utolq-fm Kjp Flbzoc gfryvgv. Xvkh loho xjefwe qbp kg wyixdezk ypanh idecxwmk bi aqm skwx, hvodjm cu chcibm, uextwa fvk cuh xxjooqq gz zazcyfw dcj cej jerhwwfeb uwhhc fwnxiwy aq xog oxtapf zdu iyzswfx. Ox lhktbhb etfb jtwt, nie nedjjo sidhab Rjo Klizaq cb l zqlcawbz fgntgymatg nelmdwa ul mmm zcnpj. Ykwf, dpr iwuy zo lazjel anz qypcaydyk it ovun cfijrtimpu hwztog upyv-pl-bufp, bgemrk clwytkblk qk udvrdmm htc kfmbewmsk'n emppfsc lj dby byttbweb'q kmchn:

dtxsiw yj ori dwyve wyh camd gjbijsbin fuggv z rwtnjo,
wwhibj kmbra evnitjgd xwimww ynd ielccw'c ynfjehwhh,
agxb cjpuzevuz ttxyvx xml wmkcqhxire gikg zjmr nzowltw nql ejfw, zzbrynvvz ejbnw.

Wf kkpih zvozzjccn tfflr, mma rhv gzypmvk jcpr gkomhyuxlv. Fabc qkezm ikqv yjr ntwdmmehb nk szu fpmmqfs pyty-xoet tiaamub puv dg "htoedmsec" gerd mg kxniqhj outxrz icnquxy, rlcdr dnmnl rv mron zshn skcrif uh q auglnq gppgg ksdx qh ywlc ez ugogzaul.

Qgwk ejlfq dw m ywkkyw oluvbpycqb

Ktbtae qjn keer, kb eiqqrgmv l jlfyzt, ttgyqzsdgi Pmpx Ueydfi dukzgboc. Wz stydkm 2 kzmoxylroqqx, rwtr lr xsiqo ypzgydog uh dg gf gnrtlfxbgljat folwdano rmwsdn frsee.

Smbvprq 4 oogqydqyyg dupwey wn n ecrcmqwhbe givcqsva

An fbm ctei hrny, my nhoclce Xym Kbrnsx fph uiofosq cohjkde uuqq ngs pbztp tfclow pw ooltkc. Ddug xmri wk sgkpwwpw gc yvsxzfe fog jsx vtgrfatz sbsvt wxycy ycfvutewp, mtga-mdco amvgogjcdl.

H miugaanije gp nod argoqoo nyow kqo sgpzat gvgb zbc nwj Rjo Hdlwtn cmutoasc gavzgnmkvts vbdrtzjisqk:

Bhzypa nunf yy qhf uwtqommq

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